(ἐν τῷ νήφειν

νήφω

to be sober: pres inf act (attic epic)

     ἀπαρρησίαστος

     ἀ-παρρησίαστος

    2

    1) не пользующийся свободой слова

    

(πολιτεία Polyb.)

    2) не говорящий прямо, не откровенный

    

(ἐν τῷ νήφειν Plut.; ἄνθρωπος Luc.)

νηπ-τικός, ή, όν,

A sober, Com.Adesp.1088 ([comp] Sup.), Plu.2.709b, Vett.Val.242.18; [suff] νηπ-κωτάτην· νήφειν ποιοῦσαν, Hsch. Adv. [suff] νηπ-κῶς Vett.Val.179.6, al.

νήφω, [dialect] Dor. [full] νάφω (v. infr. II), used by early writers only in [tense] pres., mostly in part.: later [tense] impf.

A

ἔνηφον Chor.

in Rev.Phil.1877.67: [tense] aor. ἔνηψα IEp.Pet.4.7, Orac. ap. Ael.Fr. 103, J.AJ11.3.3, Procl. in Prm. p.741 S., ([etym.] ἐξ-) Aret.SD1.5, ([etym.] ἀν-) Nic.Dam.4 J.:—to be sober, drink no wine,

οὔτε τι γὰρ ν. οὔτε λίην μεθύω Thgn.478

;

νήφειν Archil.4

, Pl. Smp. 213e, al.: part. νήφων as Adj., = νηφάλιος, Hdt.1.133, Ar.Lys. 1228;

ὑμῖν ἀντέκυρσα.. νήφων ἀοίνοις S.OC 100

;

ὑπ' ἐχθροῦ νήφοντος ὑβριζόμην D.21.74

; τὸ τοὺς μεθύοντας... πλείω ζημίαν ἀποτίνειν τῶν ν. Lex Pittaciap. Arist.Pol. 1274b20;

μεθύοντα.. παρὰ νηφόντων λόγους παραβάλλειν Pl.Smp. 214c

; ν. θεός, i.e. water, Id.Lg. 773d: prov.,

τὸ ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ τοῦ νήφοντος ἐπὶ τῆς γλώττης τοῦ μεθύοντος Plu.2.503f

;

[Ἀναξαγόρας] οἷον ν. ἑφάνη παρ' εἰκῇ λέγοντας Arist. Metaph. 984b17

;

νήφων μεθύοντα ὑπὸ τῆς Ἀφροδίτης θεᾶται X.Smp.8.21

;

τὸ νῆφον ὑπὸ τοῦ πάθους βυθίζεται Alciphr.1.13

.

II metaph., to be self-controlled, Pl.Lg. 918d; to be sober and wary,

νᾶφε καὶ μέμνασ' ἀπιστεῖν Epich.[250]

;

γρηγορῶμεν καὶ νήφωμεν 1 Ep.Thess.5.6

; νήψατε εἰς προσευχάς 1 Ep.Pet.l.c.;

νήφων καὶ πεφροντικώς Plu. 2.800b

;

ν. καὶ φροντιστής Gal.17(1).991

;

προμηθής τε καὶ ν. Hdn.2.15.1

; καρδίῃ νήφοντος Poet. ap. Longin.34.4;

ν. λογισμός Epicur.Ep. 3p.64U.

2 ν. ἐκ κακοῦ recover oneself from.., Ach.Tat.1.13; ἐγερθέντων καὶ νηψάντων ἀπὸ τῆς πτώσεως Procl.l.c.

As opposed to drunk: P. and V. νήφων (Plat.).

Abstaining from wine: P. and V. ἄοινος (Plat.).

Be sober, v.: P. and V. νήφειν.

Temperate: P. and V. σώφρων.

Calm: P. and V. ἥσυχος, ἡσυχαῖος.

Orderly: Ar. and P. εὔτακτος.

In sober earnest, truly: P. and V. ἀληθῶς.

Be in sober earnest, v.: P. and V. σπουδάζειν.

P. and V. σωφρονίζειν; chasten.

Be sobered: P. and V. σωφρονεῖν.

P. and V. οἶνος, ὁ, V. βάκχος, ὁ, βάκχιος, ὁ, μέθυ, τό.

Wine cups: V. οἰνηρὰ τεύχη, τά.

Foam of wine: V. οἰνωπὸς ἄχνη, ἡ.

Drunk with wine: use V. οἰνωθείς, ᾠνωμένος, κάτοινος; see Drunk.

Flushed with wine, adj.: V. οἰνωπός.

Rich in wine: P. πολύοινος.

Rich in grapes: V. εὔβοτρυς, πολύβοτρυς

Abstaining from wine: P. and V. ἄοινος (Plat.).

Abstain from wine, v.: P. and V. νήφειν.

Peace offerings without wine: V. νηφάλια μειλίγματα (Æsch., Eum. 107).

Make wine from sharp unripe grapes: V. τεύχειν ἀπʼ ὄμφακος πικρᾶς οἶνον (Æsch., Ag. 970).

εὐχή, ῆς, ἡ (s. εὔχομαι; Hom.+; Mel., HE 4, 26, 8 ‘wish’)

① speech or petition directed to God, prayer (X., Symp. 8, 15; Diod S 20, 50, 6 εὐχὰς τοῖς θεοῖς ἐποιοῦντο; Dio Chrys. 19 [36], 36; OGI 383, 233 [I B.C.]; BGU 531 I, 5 [I A.D.]; PGiss 23, 5 [II A.D.]; LXX; TestAbr A, TestJob, Test12Patr; ParJer 9:3; GrBar 4:14; Philo, Sacr. Abel. 53 and oft. [on Philo: CLarson, JBL 65, ’46, 185–203]; Jos., Bell. 7, 155, Ant. 15, 52; Just., Iren., Orig.) ἡ εὐ. τῆς πίστεως the prayer offered in faith Js 5:15; πληρῶσαι τὴν εὐ. finish a prayer MPol 15:1; also τελέσας … τὴν εὐ. GJs 9:1. μου ἡ εὐ. my prayer 1:4. ἐν εὐχῇ 24:1 (v.l. εὐχαῖς). Pl. D 15:4. νήφειν πρὸς τὰς εὐ. be watchful in prayer(s) Pol 7:2.

② a solemn promise with the understanding that one is subject to penalty for failure to discharge the obligation, vow (X., Mem. 2, 2, 10; Diod S 1, 83, 2; Jos., Bell. 2, 313) Ac 18:18; 21:23 (JUbbink, NThSt 5, 1922, 137–39). θυσίαι εὐχῶν votive offerings (cp. Lev 22:29.—Diod S 3, 55, 8 θυσίαι as the result of εὐχαί) 1 Cl 41:2. ἀποδιδόναι τῷ ὑψίστῳ τὰς εὐ. (ἀποδίδωμι 2c) 52:3 (Ps 49:14).—AWendel, D. israel.-jüd. Gelübde ’31. HSalmanowitsch, D. Nasiräat nach Bibel u. Talmud, diss. Giessen ’31; HGowen, The Hair-Offering: JSOR 11, 1927, 1–20; RAC VIII 1134–1258; IX 1–36.—DELG s.v. εὔχομαι. M-M. TW. Spicq.

① petition addressed to deity, prayer (polyth. pap BGU 1080, 4 [III A.D.] κατὰ τὰς κοινὰς ἡμῶν εὐχὰς καὶ προσευχάς; LXX; pseudepigr.; Jos., Bell. 5, 388, w. less prob. [s. 2] C. Ap. 2, 10, Ant. 14, 258) IEph 1:2; 5:2; 10:2; 11:2; IMg 14:1; IPhld 5:1; ISm 11:1, 3. αἱ πρ. τῶν ἁγίων Rv 5:8; 8:3f.—1 Pt 3:7. W. δέησις Ac 1:14 v.l.; Eph 6:18; Phil 4:6; IMg 7:1; cp. 1 Ti 2:1; 5:5 (s. δέησις). W. εὐχαριστία ISm 7:1. W. ἐλεημοσύναι Ac 10:4; διὰ τὴν πρ. IPol 7:1; διὰ τῶν πρ. Phlm 22; ἐν (τῇ) πρ. through prayer Mk 9:29; IEph 20:1; IPhld 8:2; in prayer IRo 9:1; ἐν ταῖς πρ. in the prayers IMg 14:1; ITr 13:1; Col 4:12. W. the same mng. ἐπὶ τῶν πρ. Ro 1:10; Eph 1:16; 1 Th 1:2; Phlm 4; κατὰ τὴν πρ. IPhld 10:1. ἡ πρ. τοῦ θεοῦ prayer to God Lk 6:12. Also πρ. γινομένη πρὸς τὸν θεόν Ac 12:5; cp. πρὸς τὸν κύριον AcPl Ha 6, 9 (πρ. πρός as Ps 68:14). ὥστε … ἐκτενῆ ὑπὸ πάντων πρ. γενέσθαι τῷ Παύλῳ so that prayers were said fervently by all for Paul AcPl Ha 6, 7. W. νηστεία Mt 17:21; Mk 9:29 v.l. Fasting called better than prayer 2 Cl 16:4a. Prayer fr. a good conscience saves fr. death, vs. 4b; drives out demons Mk 9:29. τὰς πρ. ἀναφέρειν πρὸς τὸν θεόν (ἀναφέρειν προσευχάς Orig., C. Cels. 8, 73, 32; s. ἀναφέρω 3) 2 Cl 2:2; προσκαρτερεῖν τῇ πρ. Ac 1:14; Ro 12:12; Col 4:2; cp. Ac 2:42; 6:4 (w. τῇ διακονίᾳ). ἐκπεσεῖν τῆς πρ. AcPl Ha 2, 8. σχολάζειν τῇ πρ. 1 Cor 7:5 (on prayer and abstinence s. TestNapht 8:8); see IPol 1:3. νήφειν εἰς προσευχάς 1 Pt 4:7; καταπαύειν τὴν πρ. MPol 8:1; ἀναπαύειν τὴν πρ. AcPl Ha 4, 32. αἰτεῖν ἐν τῇ πρ. Mt 21:22. προσευχῇ προσεύχεσθαι pray earnestly Js 5:17. In a kneeling position or prone on the ground; hence ἀναστὰς ἀπὸ τῆς πρ. Lk 22:45; ἐγείρεσθαι ἀπὸ τῆς πρ. Hv 2, 1, 3; εἰσηκούσθη ἡ πρ. Ac 10:31; ἀκούειν πρ. AcPl Ha 2, 14. τὸ ἴδιον ἔργον τῆς πρ. 4, 28. Public, communal prayer ἡ μετʼ ἀλλήλων πρ. ITr 12:2. αἱ πρ. ὑπέρ τινος πρὸς τὸν θεόν intercessions to God on behalf of someone Ro 15:30; ὥρα τῆς πρ. Ac 3:1 (s. ἔνατος and the lit. there.—On a fixed time for prayer s. Marinus, Vi. Procli 24 καιρὸς τῶν εὐχῶν; also 22, end). οἶκος προσευχῆς (=בֵּית־תְּפִלָּה Is 56:7) house of prayer Mt 21:13; Mk 11:17; Lk 19:46. On προσέρχεσθαι ἐπὶ προσευχήν D 4:14 s. προσέρχομαι 2. Cp. B 19:12.—For lit. s. προσεύχομαι, end.

② a place of or for prayer, place of prayer Ac 16:13, 16. Esp. used among Jews, this word is nearly always equivalent to συναγωγή in the sense of a cultic place (s. συναγωγή 2a; SKrauss, Pauly-W. 2 ser. IV, ’32, 1287f; ins New Docs 3, 121f; 4, 201f). But many consider that the πρ. in Ac 16:13, 16 was not a regular synagogue because it was attended only by women (vs. 13), and because the word συν. is freq. used elsewh. in Ac (e.g. 17:1, 10, 17); the πρ. in our passage may have been an informal meeting place, perh. in the open air (s. BSchwank VD 3, ’55, 279).—In the rare cases in which a polyth. place of prayer is called πρ., Jewish influence is almost always poss. (reff. fr. lit., ins and pap in Schürer II 425f; 439–47; Mayser I/3² ’36 p. 19; Boffo, Iscrizioni 39–60. See also 3 Macc 7:20 al.; SEG VIII, 366, 6 [II B.C.], also reff. in XLII, 1849; Dssm., NB 49f [BS 222f]; MStrack, APF 2, 1903, 541f; Philo; perh. Jos., C. Ap. 2, 10 and Ant. 14, 258 [contradictory positions on the latter in Schürer II 441, 65 and 444, 76]; Elbogen² 445; 448; 452; SZarb, De Judaeorum προσευχή in Act. 16:13, 16: Angelicum 5, 1928, 91–108; also συναγωγή 2). But such infl. must be excluded in the case of the ins fr. Epidaurus of IV B.C. (IG IV²/1, 106 I, 27), where the Doric form of προσευχή occurs in the sense ‘place of prayer’: ποτευχὰ καὶ βωμός. Hence it is also improbable in IPontEux I², 176, 7 and in Artem. 3, 53 p. 188, 27; 189, 2.—RAC VIII 1134–1258; IX 1–36; BHHW I 518–23. MHengel, Proseuche u. Synagoge, KGKuhn Festschr., ’71, 157–84; Schürer II 423–63.—DELG s.v. εὔχομαι. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

σωφρονέω (σώφρων, via σῶς + φρήν) 1 aor. ἐσωφρόνησα (Trag., X., Pla. et al.; pap) the thematic semantic note in this and cognate terms is the Hellenic ideal of μηδὲν ἄγαν (‘nothing to excess’).

① to be able to think in a sound or sane manner, be of sound mind. of mental health (in contrast to μαίνεσθαι; Pla., Phdr. 22, 244a, Rep. 331c; Ps.-Apollod. 3, 5, 1; 6; Philo, Cher. 69) to be in one’s right mind, of a demoniac who was healed Mk 5:15; Lk 8:35. Sim., 2 Cor 5:13 (opp. ἐκστῆναι; s. ἐξίστημι 2a).

② to be prudent, with focus on self-control, be reasonable, sensible, serious, keep one’s head (X., Cyr. 3, 2, 4; TestSol 8:8; Philo, Det. Pot. Ins. 114; Jos., Ant. 2, 296; Just., Tat.; Ath. 32, 2; Orig., C. Cels. 2, 8, 16) Tit 2:6. W. νήφειν 1 Pt 4:7. Esp. of women be chaste, virtuous (Musonius p. 14, 12ff H.; Arrian, Anab. 4, 20, 2; Alciphron, 4, 17, 3; Jos., Ant. 18, 66.—σωφροσύνη 2) 1 Cl 1:3; Pol 4:3.—In contrast to ὑπερφρονεῖν and in a play on words w. it and w. φρονεῖν twice Ro 12:3 (cp. Plut., Mor. 776d φρονεῖν κ. σωφ.; Socrat., Ep. 36 σωφρονέω … συσσωφρονέω; Iren. 1, 16, 3 [Harv. I, 164, 3])—DELG s.v. σῶς. M-M. TW. Spicq.